![]() Mentions after the shortened form can use the abbreviated formula: Last Name, Title of the Work, page number(s). Subsequent mentions should be a shortened version using this formula: The first mention of a source should include all relevant information (e.g., full author name(s), full title, publisher, date published, etc.). Also, shortened citations are compact, so using ibid doesn’t always save line space. This is because ibid requires readers to go back and search for the previous source cited, an inconvenience which outweighs the benefits of shortening the citation. In the current version of Chicago, the 17th version, ibid is accepted but not preferred. This was meant to save space since it’s fewer characters than citing the source again. Writers would use ibid instead of writing out the source information again. Previous versions of the style used the abbreviation “ibid,” short for “ibidem.” Ibidem is a Latin word that means “in the same place.” It was used when referring to a source that was just cited within a document (without other sources in between). If you are citing the same source continually throughout your text, use a shortened version of the full citation in your footnotes. If a source is used consecutively, follow these guidelines for shortened citation and ibid: "Marco Rubio's Campaign Must Adapt or Die." RedState.
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